Upgrade Terratag Go version to 1.24.9 and bump dependencies

[liranfarage89]

ENG-772: Upgrade Terratag Go and dependencies to address vulnerabilities

Summary

• Updated Terratag’s Go target version from 1.24.4 to 1.24.9 to align with patched Go stdlib ranges referenced in the JFrog report.
• Bumped Go module dependencies to the latest versions within their existing major versions (including viper, go-cty, hcl/v2, testify, gomega, and various golang.org/x/* modules).
• When Terratag is built with Go 1.24.9+ (or 1.25.3+), the github.com/golang/go CVEs reported under /opt/terratag should be addressed. Other CVEs in the report are for base image components (pip, curl, gnupg, busybox, jq, etc.) and will be handled in the hub/base image.

Commands run to implement this PR

# (Manual edit) Update Go version in go.mod
 go 1.24.4 -> go 1.24.9

# Bump direct deps within same major and update transitive deps
go get \
  github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar@v1 \
  github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog@v1 \
  github.com/hashicorp/hcl/v2@v2 \
  github.com/hashicorp/logutils@v1 \
  github.com/onsi/gomega@v1 \
  github.com/otiai10/copy@v1 \
  github.com/spf13/viper@v1 \
  github.com/stretchr/testify@v1 \
  github.com/thoas/go-funk@v0 \
  github.com/zclconf/go-cty@v1 \
  go.uber.org/multierr@v1

# Upgrade all deps within their current major and tidy
go get -u ./...
go mod tidy
```bash